Evaluation of Anti‐Poverty Programs’ Impact on Joint Disadvantages: Insights From the Philippine Experience

Anti-poverty programs increasingly target multiple outcomes to address current and future poverty. Conventional evaluation exercises, however, estimate programs’ impact on separately. We present a framework, drawing from the counting approach, that captures joint distribution of allows evaluating program outcomes. apply framework analyze Philippine conditional cash transfer using an embedded randomized control trial survey. observe induced targeted behavioral changes by reducing overall noncompliances conditionalities, but did not necessarily benefit poorer families experiencing larger number simultaneous noncompliances. The positive is achieved leaving neediest behind. Our results show valuable contribution considering in poverty alleviation programs.